Structural characterisation of Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6) in elephant and harbor seals

Association between Toll-like receptor gene cluster (TLR6, TLR1, and TLR10) and prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation may be a risk factor for prostate cancer. Previously, we found significant associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and the risk of prostate cancer. TLR6, TLR1, and TLR10 are also involved in the pathogen-mediated inflammation pathway. A Swedish study observed associations between sequence variants i...

Species-specific recognition of Aspergillus fumigatus by Toll-like receptor 1 and Toll-like receptor 6.

BACKGROUND Aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive aspergillosis, a potentially fatal infection in oncohematological patients. Innate immune detection of A. fumigatus involves Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2, which forms a heterodimer with either TLR1 or TLR6. The role of those coreceptors in Aspergillus sensing is unknown. METHODS Cytokine production was measured in bone marrow-derived mac...

Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Toll-IL-1 Receptor

Toll Like Receptor 2 and 4 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To find a relationship between M...

Silymarin inhibits Toll-like receptor 8 gene expression and apoptosis in Ramos cancer cell line

Objective: Silymarin is a herbal extract containing flavonolignans, and it has inhibitory effects against the growth of different cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Toll-like receptors are suggested as a novel and attractive target to treat cancer. The current study aimed at examining the mechanism of silymarin-induced apoptosis in Ramos cells and investigating its effect...